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Diffstat (limited to 'exercises/099_formatting.zig')
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diff --git a/exercises/099_formatting.zig b/exercises/099_formatting.zig deleted file mode 100644 index be16978..0000000 --- a/exercises/099_formatting.zig +++ /dev/null @@ -1,140 +0,0 @@ -// -// Terminals have come a long way over the years. Starting with -// monochrome lines on flickering CRT monitors and continuously -// improving to today's modern terminal emulators with sharp -// images, true color, fonts, ligatures, and characters in every -// known language. -// -// Formatting our results to be appealing and allow quick visual -// comprehension of the information is what users desire. <3 -// -// C set string formatting standards over the years, and Zig is -// following suit and growing daily. Due to this growth, there is -// no official documentation for standard library features such -// as string formatting. -// -// Therefore, the comments for the format() function are the only -// way to definitively learn how to format strings in Zig: -// -// https://codeberg.org/ziglang/zig/src/branch/master/lib/std/Io/Writer.zig#L537 -// -// Zig already has a very nice selection of formatting options. -// These can be used in different ways, but generally to convert -// numerical values into various text representations. The results -// can be used for direct output to a terminal or stored for -// later use or written to a file. The latter is useful when -// large amounts of data are to be processed by other programs. -// -// In Ziglings, we are concerned with the output to the console. -// But since the formatting instructions for files are the same, -// what you learn applies universally. -// -// Since we write to "debug" output in Ziglings, our answers -// usually look something like this: -// -// print("Text {placeholder} another text \n", .{foo}); -// -// In addition to being replaced with foo in this example, the -// {placeholder} in the string can also have formatting applied. -// How does that work? -// -// This actually happens in several stages. In one stage, escape -// sequences are evaluated. The one we've seen the most -// (including the example above) is "\n" which means "line feed". -// Whenever this statement is found, a new line is started in the -// output. Escape sequences can also be written one after the -// other, e.g. "\n\n" will cause two line feeds. -// -// By the way, the result of these escape sequences is passed -// directly to the terminal program. Other than translating them -// into control codes, escape sequences have nothing to do with -// Zig. Zig knows nothing about "line feeds" or "tabs" or -// "bells". -// -// The formatting that Zig *does* perform itself is found in the -// curly brackets: "{placeholder}". Formatting instructions in -// the placeholder will determine how the corresponding value, -// e.g. foo, is displayed. -// -// And this is where it gets exciting, because format() accepts a -// variety of formatting instructions. It's basically a tiny -// language of its own. Here's a numeric example: -// -// print("Catch-0x{x:0>4}.", .{twenty_two}); -// -// This formatting instruction outputs a hexadecimal number with -// leading zeros: -// -// Catch-0x0016. -// -// Or you can center-align a string like so: -// -// print("{s:*^20}\n", .{"Hello!"}); -// -// Output: -// -// *******Hello!******* -// -// Let's try making use of some formatting. We've decided that -// the one thing missing from our lives is a multiplication table -// for all numbers from 1-15. We want the table to be nice and -// neat, with numbers in straight columns like so: -// -// X | 1 2 3 4 5 ... -// ---+---+---+---+---+---+ -// 1 | 1 2 3 4 5 -// -// 2 | 2 4 6 8 10 -// -// 3 | 3 6 9 12 15 -// -// 4 | 4 8 12 16 20 -// -// 5 | 5 10 15 20 25 -// -// ... -// -// Without string formatting, this would be a more challenging -// assignment because the number of digits in the numbers varies -// from 1 to 3. But formatting can help us with that. -// -const std = @import("std"); -const print = std.debug.print; - -pub fn main() !void { - // Max number to multiply - const size = 15; - - // Print the header: - // - // We start with a single 'X' for the diagonal. - print("\n X |", .{}); - - // Header row with all numbers from 1 to size. - for (0..size) |n| { - print("{d:>3} ", .{n + 1}); - } - print("\n", .{}); - - // Header column rule line. - var n: u8 = 0; - while (n <= size) : (n += 1) { - print("---+", .{}); - } - print("\n", .{}); - - // Now the actual table. (Is there anything more beautiful - // than a well-formatted table?) - for (0..size) |a| { - print("{d:>2} |", .{a + 1}); - - for (0..size) |b| { - // What formatting is needed here to make our columns - // nice and straight? - print("{???} ", .{(a + 1) * (b + 1)}); - } - - // After each row we use double line feed: - print("\n\n", .{}); - } -} |